Reimagining Customer Experience - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 847 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2018/12/15 Category Business Essay Type Persuasive essay Level High school Tags: Customer Service Essay Did you like this example? Customers should be treated differently according to their needs, and the storekeepers should ensure that they understand their customer and satisfactorily offer them services. For the stores to be able to serve their customers efficiently, they should observe diversity in their workforce. The company should observe the employment of individual from diverse social groups such as different ethnic groups and nations, disabled groups, different age, and gender. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Reimagining Customer Experience" essay for you Create order Customers needs and expectations should be treated differently with respect and attention which would impact in the creation of good rapport with them increase their satisfaction and diverse retail customers. From my visit to American Eagle Outfits retail store, I saw people of different color come for their shopping. The store provided both men and women wears. Upon entering the store, a black woman wearing the coat labeled with the name of the store came to where I was and welcomed me. I walked around the store and noticed that every corner of the store, a person was standing ready to offer help to their clients. These employees kept on checking out their customers who needed help in their purchase choice. They were very social and interacted with their customers. The experience with the storekeepers was a nice one. When I started walking out of the store, one of the service people came to me and wanted to know whether I was served, and I was able to explain to him. The experien ce made me feel a part of the store and left me willing to visit the place again and again in future. There were both black and white customers and thus felt comfortable and satisfied with the services offered there because they provided the products needed by both genders offering a variety of choices. The store gave an offer to their customers by lowering the prices of particular types of clothes. The offer was directed to their customers where they had posted the information on their Facebook page. Also, customers who bought goods worth a certain amount of money were given a gift for appreciation. I testified most of the customers were gifted with the different types of gifts for their loyalty. From my observation, I noticed that the workforce consisted of diverse individuals who are very welcoming and willing to offer the services to their customers. The experience felt very accommodating to me. American eagle Outfit: https://www.facebook.com/americaneagle describes services ava ilable at the store and offers for their customers. Secondly, when I visited Wells Fargo Bank the experience to me felt that the services were sufficient for accommodating people from diverse groups. My experience in that bank was satisfactory. Being lame did not feel like a disadvantage to me since my first experience with the security felt accommodating. Upon entering, I had not to go upstairs to receive the services I needed and was served from the ground. The bank already provides the service person who directs the customers to their respective place of receiving services. Also, the pattern of offering the services is very organized where every customer is offered with service card containing the number which would be called upon to the place of services. The numbers are given to customers and assigned according to the time they came in, therefore, following a smooth flow without confusion among their customers. Also, the workforce is very organized, and each desk has an empl oyee offering specific banking services. Each desk has been assigned work and is labeled for easy identification of services being offered. It is easy for the customers to locate their needed services thus accessing the service provider easily. Moreover, I noticed that the workforce in that bank provided diverse workforce who represented both the black people and whites. That motivates customers from diverse groups upon seeing that they are being represented. From my point of view, I would say that the store and bank have a good management system and workforce which caters to all services needed for their customers. They have observed diversity which represents their customers expectations. The store should consider employing more men as storekeepers where I noticed that most of the employees are ladies. Also, they should it should improve their stock to provide for all kind of wears from formal wears, casuals, and sportswear. That way, they will retain their customers who wil l feel that everything is catered. The bank should consider advising their customers on small business retails by organizing customers program training. Also, they should equip their customers with up-to-date information about their changing services with the technological changes. Customers are the most important people in business, and without them, a business cannot run. Therefore, the organizations need to treat their customers differently by understanding the expectations and needs of every customer. The organizations should change their roles from product services to customer-oriented services to provide their customers with good experience in services being offered. Works cited Retrieved fromhttps://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.wf.wellsfargomobilehl=en 2017 Retrieved fromhttps://www.facebook.com/americaneagle 2017

Enlightenment And The Enlightenment Movement In The 18th...

Enlightenment is a concept that promoted individual rational logic and thinking as more valuable than traditional. The enlightenment thinkers rejected the old assumption about everything and committed to things that could be demonstrated through scientific experimentation. They are loosely organized intellectual movement, egalitarian, liberal, rationalist, secular, and impartial in both values and outlook. In the longer term standpoint, the enlightenment can be taken to the last phase of the cumulative process by which the intellectual life and the European thought was modernized in the course of the early modern period. The enlighten period had and a significant impact on the way people think a fact that changes various things about†¦show more content†¦In effect, the level of competition developed among the new and old rich. The more varied and extensive thinking in the new age of reason set the composers free from the previous convention and emboldened to innovate wi th new rhythms, new harmonies and new forms that were unrelated to the outmoded dance movement. The increasing discussion on the enlightenment revolution created a market for the critical commentary. The critics dared and prompted the performers and composers to greater accomplishment. The private and public concerts provided the composers and musicians with new methods that supplemented their income. In the midcentury, the magazines devoted to music began to appear. A great repertoire was composed for the amateur musicians to be performed at homes. Different musical styles coexisted including the new styles and Baroque styles. The contemporary critics developed certain values: music should be immediately pleasing and natural, music should appeal to tastes, the language of the music should be international, the melodies should contain simple accompaniments and short phrases and the composer ought to avoid contrapuntal complexity. Enlightenment revolution played significant play in music because famous musicians like Handel and Mozart could be creative without suppressed by church. Also during Enlightenment era, the economy and the middle class expanded,Show MoreRelatedThe Feminist Movement Of The 18th Century Enlightenment Movement1417 Words   |  6 Pagesof the community-based society saw their values being displaced and those who fought for the self-centric changes they felt were necessary and right clashed over differing values. 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In his 1784 essay entitled: â€Å"Answering the Question: What is Enlightenment?†, Immanuel Kant (1959) described the Enlightenment as ‘‘man’s release from his self-incurred tutelage. Tutelage is man’s inability to make useRead MoreEuropean Exploration : The Age Of Discovery1128 Words   |  5 PagesEuropean states decided to partake in global explorations in the early fifteenth century. By doing so, this opened up a new chapter in world history, known as the Age of Discovery. 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My Cross-Cultural Experiences Free Essays

1. First cross-cultural experiences that I have had in my life * The first culture clash I had was on my first trip to Germany. It was when my friend and me went on a ski trip with our school. We will write a custom essay sample on My Cross-Cultural Experiences or any similar topic only for you Order Now We arrived a town called Innsbruck where we stayed at a hotel. I got very surprised when I first got there, the first thing I recognized was the houses they lived in, they all had names on their houses. It was painted on their front wall. This didn’t make any sense for me but I was told that it was because some of the houses where family houses. And that they rented out rooms. At the same day when we went for dinner at our hotel we got served 4 meals. We first got soup, then salad, the main meal and dessert. This didn’t make any sense for me, because back home I was not used to get 4 meals at a restaurant. That night I went to take a shower but I couldn’t figure out how to turn on the water in the shower. There were three knobs above the tub, so I assumed that they were for hot, warm, and cold water. I twisted the â€Å"warm† knob, but no water came out. Then I tried the two others, and I did get some water, but it was either too cold or too warm. I was too embarrassed to ask anyone for help with such a simple thing, so after making several unsuccessful attempts, I gave up. I had a cold bath instead. 2. Second cross-cultural experiences that I have had in my life – The second experience I had was when I first visited the United States. When I first arrived Westminster College I was so excited and scared at the same time. I have never lived in a community called â€Å"dorms† before and I was not sure how it would work and I had no clue how my roommates would be. The first thing I recognized was how much they talked and their conversation was at a very loud level. The next day I recognized how nice the people were, they smiled and they even said hi to me. I got shocked when people even hold the door open when I was far away they would stand there and wait for me. When we went out for dinner that night I was also surprised when I ordered a coke, when I finished the coke the waitress came out with another one I got confused and told her that it has to be a misunderstanding because I didn’t ordered another one. She told me that it was free refuel. I felt kind of stupid, and my roommates started laughing at me because they thought it was funny. I told my roommates that in Norway we have to pay for the refuel and after that they taught me more about their culture so I could be more able to adapt to their culture. How to cite My Cross-Cultural Experiences, Papers

Research Proposal about Instant Message Replace E-Mail in the Future

Questions: Can Instant Message Replace E-Mail in The Future? Can Instant Message be a Primary Source of Internal Communication? How this Instant Message System will Work? What Cost would be? Answers: 1. Introduction Advancement of information and communication technology significantly contributed in enhancing the pace as well as efficiency of the communication procedure. E-mail has been considered to be a revolutionary innovation that enabled individual in sending messages via electronic medium anywhere in the world. Instant messaging is a type of online chat that helps in offsetting the real time text transmission with the aid of internet. Instant messaging facilitates transmission of short messages in both the directions (Flynn, 2004). Lately, instant messaging also provides the opportunity to share text files, audio files, videos etc. In todays dynamic business environment, instant messaging platforms are widely utilized in order to support effective communication (Stafford, 2008). E-mail, instant messaging and other new communication tools have been replacing the traditional mode of communication (Junco and Cotten, 2011). Now the major question that arises in this context is, whether the use of instant messaging will collapse the e-mail? This research study will focus on the analyzing the future of instant messaging and its cost. 2. Research Objectives Research objectives will focus on describing the major goals of the research study. The research objectives of this paper are discussed below: To scrutinize the efficiency of the instant messaging and its effectiveness among users. To assess the potential of instant message to replace mail To assess the role of instant messaging in context of internal communication. To estimate the cost associated with the adoption of instant messaging 3. Research Questions Research questions are focusing on identification of the major areas of research. Answering theses questions will facilitate achievement of research objectives (Ketchen and Bergh, 2004): What is the role of instant messaging for enhancing the internal communication? Whether instant messaging has the potential to replace e-mail? What is the cost associated for utilizing instant messaging? 4. Literature Review Emergence of Instant Messaging: Effective communication is an essential aspect of business. In the electronic age, the mode of communication has been evolving with the aim to enhance its effectives. Presently, human being has been found to be extensive reliant upon technology (Flynn, 2004). Hence, it has been found that since the last decade web technologies are the determinant factor for various human activities. E-mail has received significant popularity due to its convenience as well as effectiveness. Emergence of e-mal rapidly replaced the traditional mode of communication in the business sector along with personal life. Instant messaging was emerged in 1996 which allowed its client to facilitate an interactive real communication in real time. In order to use instant messaging, both the people must have the same instant messaging software (Junco and Cotten, 2011). This type of communication is referred as chat. Instant messaging has been found to be major help for the internet users for sending messages, images and videos. Presently, different instant messaging software is offering video calls and chats. The new communication tool has received significant popularity over the years. Apart from social interaction, instant messaging has been widely used in business communication which contributed in facilitating real time conversation from anywhere, anytime. Benefits of Instant Messaging in Workplace: Instant messaging has been integrating in the communication system of workplace due to its effectiveness. It is evident that various business organizations have identified the importance of integrating instant messaging into the business procedure along with appropriate policy (Pascal, 2003). Business firms have recognized that the instant messaging significantly helps in ensuring high return on investment if the right technology and policy is implemented. The success of the management of a business has a strong positive correlation with effective communication. Presently, instant messaging software platforms are widely utilized by various business organizations (Ou et al., 2010). As the business focuses on embracing instant messaging in the workplace, the traditional form of communication has been almost obsolete. Instant messaging is real time and also can be recorded. It can help in conduction a small conference at the own desk of the employees from different locations (Uskov and Uskov, 2004). This section will focus on identification of various advantages of instant messaging: Group chat: Instant messaging helps in initiating a formal or informal group chat. In an organization, group chat is important for enhancing cohesiveness and knowledge transmission (Krause, 2008). Interaction between team members from off-site locations: Instant messaging uses web technology for transmission of message in real time. Presently, the wave of globalization has facilitated the global business integration. It has been found that the team members are often located in a distant place. Hence, interaction between the team members becomes easier with the aid of instant messaging (Ou et al., 2010). Enhances Effectiveness and Saves Time: Instant messaging helps in providing a real time conversation. It significantly contributes in enhancing the effectiveness of communication. It is also evident that it saves time which adds positive value to the business (Pascal, 2003). Convenient and Cost Saving: Instant messaging service only requires internet connection which is available in every workplace. Hence, it can be stated that the instant messaging offers high level of convenience. Additionally, it helps in saving cost of communication (Stafford, 2008). These are the major benefits of instant messaging recognized by the business organizations (Quan-Haase, 2008). Security Issues Related to Instant Messaging: Though instant messaging has huge potential for enhancing the effectiveness of communication, it has few risks. These risks are majorly responsible for development of threats and thus it leads to creation of potential security risk (Cooper and Johnson, 2014). First of all, instant messaging uses public network and it utilizes the server of the instant messaging provider. These servers are not secured by firewall. On the other hand instant messaging in the private network can be secured by firewall (Leavitt, 2005). Additionally, it has been found that the sensitive information which is exchanged through instant messaging is frequently stored in the unsecured network. As the public network is protected with firewall, anyone can access the private conversation in IM (Paulson, 2002). In case of e-mails filters are used and the corporate network of various organizations installs antivirus software which protects the users form virus. The attachments sent via instant messaging cannot be checked for viruses. Hence, there is significant vulnerability associated with the instant messaging system. Lack of encryption on the public instant messaging network implies that the confidential messages send via instant messaging can be accessed by other people (Stone and Merrion, 2004). Additionally, communication via instant messaging system cannot be monitored for maintain the corporate security (Quan-Haase, 2008). 5. Research Methodology Research methodology refers to the pathway which is followed for underrating the research activities. The research methodology assists in depiction of the overall concept of the important elements associated with the research study (Jha, 2008). Basically, the research methodology helps in providing a comprehensive approach which ultimately develops a blueprint of the mechanism and steps for carrying out the research study in an efficient manner. Adoption of the most suitable approach will help in successful achievement of the research objectives. In order to assess the potential of instant messaging in replacing e-mail and its cost along with its role in the internal communication system, it is essential to adopt a suitable methodology that helps in answering the research questions (Ketchen and Bergh, 2004). 5.1. Research Philosophy: Post Positivism Research philosophy is the considered to be first layer of the conceptual replica, i.e. research onion. Hence, it can be stated that the other steps of the research study is significantly reliant upon the research philosophy. There are various research philosophy and theories which are adopted by academic researchers. Post positivism is one of the most important theories which reject the idea of positivism (Jha, 2008). Post positivism theory focuses on integration of the wide variety of theories with the observation (Johnson, Onwuegbuzie and Turner, 2007). In this paper, the study will focus on the potential of instant messaging in replacing the e-mail in future and its cost along with its role in the internal communication. Hence, post positivism theory will appropriate in this case. 5.2. Research Approach: Deductive Research approach is the next layer of the research philosophy. There are various research approaches considered by the researchers such as inductive and deductive approach. The researcher needs to choose the best approach in order to ensure successful achievement of the research objectives. It has been found that, in case of inductive approach, the researcher needs to collect all the relevant data and therefore, needs to assess the observations and findings of the research which can be also analyzed so that new theoretical framework can be developed along with recommendations (Ketchen and Bergh, 2004). Again, deductive approach emphasizes on analysis of the established theories and studies. In this approach, hypothesis is set and therefore tested to indentify whether the hypothesis is possible or not. In this paper, deductive approach will be appropriate for this study. Hence, hypothesis will be set for identifying whether instant messaging has the capacity to replace e-mail. 5.3. Research Design: Descriptive Research design is considered to be an important aspect of research methodology. It has been found that the research design significantly assists the researchers through establishment of the framework which helps in carrying out the study (Johnson, Onwuegbuzie and Turner, 2007). The research design focuses on correlating the direction of the study with the predefined research objectives. It is important to choose the most appropriate research design in order to ensure the achievement of the research objectives which is revolving around analysis of the future position of instant messaging. There are three common research approaches adopted by the researchers such as exploratory, explanatory and descriptive. For undertaking this study, it has been identified that descriptive research design will be appropriate. It will assist the researcher in maintaining the superiority of the study. Descriptive approach will focus on discussing the findings in relations to the potential of the instan t messaging in future. 5.4. Data Collection Process In order to carry out a research study successfully, relevant data must be collected from authentic sources. The data analysis and conclusion is extensively dependent upon the collected data. Hence, the researcher needs to be careful in selection of roper resources for collection. In this research study, both primary and secondary data will be collected. In this section, data collection procedure for both types of data will be discussed (Lodico, Spaulding and Voegtle, 2006). 5.4.1. Primary data collection In order to draw primary data survey and interview can be conducted. First of all, few organizations can be chosen and the users of the instant messaging can be asked to participate in the survey. For undertaking the survey a close ended questionnaire will be developed. It will significantly help to get an insight regarding the importance and potential of instant messaging in internal communication. Additionally, the senior managers of the respective organizations can be interviewed in order to understand their perspective regarding the instant messaging. The questions for the senior managers will be open ended. 5.4.2. Secondary data collection Secondary data refers to the information which has is available form the past studies, established theories etc. Hence, for collecting secondary data, the researcher can use books, peer reviewed journal articles, magazine articles, trusted websites and research papers or conference proceedings (Mayoh and Onwuegbuzie, 2013). 5.5. Sampling Techniques Sampling technique refers to the selection of the respondents for collecting data. In this paper, simple random sampling technique will be appropriate for this study (Lodico, Spaulding and Voegtle, 2006). Hence, there will no bias in selecting the senior managers for interview and employees of the organization for participating in the survey. 5.6. Sample Size Sample size refers to the number of respondents chosen for the study. It has been observed that simple random sampling technique has been adopted for this study. Hence, it is better to choose large number of maple for minimizing error. Hence, 65 employees using instant messaging will be surveyed (Gorard and Taylor, 2004). Additionally, 10 senior managers will be interviewed for collecting relevant data. 5.7. Data Analysis Data analysis refers to the activities which will focus on the scrutinizing the data and the help the researcher in reaching firm conclusion. Both qualitative and quantitative techniques will be used for analyzing the gathered data (Kothari, 2004). The information obtained from the interview will be analyzed by qualitative technique as the questions are open-ended. On the other hand, results obtained from the survey can be analyzed with quantities techniques such as estimation of mean, median, standard deviation and correlation co-efficient. Thus, the hypothesis will be tested to reach the final conclusion (Mayoh and Onwuegbuzie, 2013). 5.8. Ethical Consideration The information collected from primary research will be only used for academic purpose. The personal information of the respondent will not be disclosed and privacy will be maintained all through the research study. Additionally, the secondary data used in the study must be referenced properly (Moutinho and Huarng, 2008). 5.9. Limitations of the Research The major two limitations of the study is time and budget. The time is a major constraint which restricted various activities of the study. Additionally, budget was low and it did not support all the activities which could have enhanced the study (Kothari, 2004). 5.10. Gantt chart Gantt chart is considered to be a significant tool in order to anticipate the time taken for conduction each activity mentioned in the research methodology (Gorard and Taylor, 2004). One of the principal activities of research work is to plan and organize all the activities in an efficient manner. Gantt chart will significantly help in getting an insight to the time taken for each activity and the total time for completion of each action (Coleman and Briggs, 2002). (Source: Created by the Author) 6. Expected Research Outcomes This research proposal will focus on understanding the role of instant messaging in internal communication. It is expected that the findings of the research study will demonstrate appositive impact of instant messaging. However, this study may help in identification of the vulnerabilities of the instant messaging and compare the effectiveness and potential of e-mail and instant messaging. 7. Conclusion This research proposal will be help in providing an insight to the instant messaging and its effectiveness in present world. It has been found that this research proposal will clearly identify the potential of instant messaging and its benefits. This paper will clearly discuss the role of instant messaging in internal communication. Primary research will help in gaining insight regarding the major advantages of instant messaging in the business context along with its vulnerabilities. References Coleman, M. and Briggs, A. (2002).Research methods in educational leadership and management. London: P. Chapman Pub. Cooper, R. and Johnson, N. (2014). So close yet no agreement: The effects of threats to self-esteem when using instant messaging and audio during sellerbuyer negotiations.Decision Support Systems, 57, pp.115-126. Flynn, N. (2004).Instant messaging rules. New York: American Management Association. Gorard, S. and Taylor, C. (2004).Combining methods in educational and social research. Maidenhead: Open University Press. Jha, N. (2008).Research methodology. Chandigarh: Abhishek Publications. Johnson, R., Onwuegbuzie, A. and Turner, L. (2007). Toward a Definition of Mixed Methods Research.Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 1(2), pp.112-133. Junco, R. and Cotten, S. (2011). Perceived academic effects of instant messaging use.Computers Education, 56(2), pp.370-378. Ketchen, D. and Bergh, D. (2004).Research methodology in strategy and management. Amsterdam: Elsevier. Kothari, C. (2004).Research methodology. New Delhi: New Age International (P) Ltd. Krause, T. (2008). Facilitating Teamwork With Lean Six Sigma and Web-Based Technology.Business Communication Quarterly, 72(1), pp.84-90. Leavitt, N. (2005). Instant messaging: a new target for hackers.Computer, 38(7), pp.20-23. Lodico, M., Spaulding, D. and Voegtle, K. (2006).Methods in educational research. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. Mayoh, J. and Onwuegbuzie, A. (2013). Toward a Conceptualization of Mixed Methods Phenomenological Research.Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 9(1), pp.91-107. Moutinho, L. and Huarng, K. (2008).Advances in doctoral research in management. Singapore: World Scientific Pub. Co. Ou, C., Davison, R., Zhong, X. and Liang, Y. (2010). Empowering employees through instant messaging.Information Technology People, 23(2), pp.193-211. Pascal, C. (2003). Enabling chance interaction through instant messaging.IEEE Trans. Profess. Commun., 46(2), pp.138-141. Paulson, L. (2002). Malicious code hits instant messaging.Computer, 35(2), pp.26-26. Quan-Haase, A. (2008). Instant Messaging on Campus: Use and Integration in University Students' Everyday Communication.The Information Society, 24(2), pp.105-115. Stafford, T. (2008). Introduction to the Special Issue on Instant Messaging in the Workplace.IEEE Trans. Profess. Commun., 51(4), pp.350-351. Stephens, K. (2008). Optimizing Costs in Workplace Instant Messaging Use.IEEE Trans. Profess. Commun., 51(4), pp.369-380. Stone, J. and Merrion, S. (2004). Instant Messaging or Instant Headache?.Queue, 2(2), p.72. Uskov, V. and Uskov, A. (2004). Blending Streaming Multimedia and Communication Technology in Advanced Web-based Education. 1(1).

Research Proposal about Instant Message Replace E-Mail in the Future

Questions: Can Instant Message Replace E-Mail in The Future? Can Instant Message be a Primary Source of Internal Communication? How this Instant Message System will Work? What Cost would be? Answers: 1. Introduction Advancement of information and communication technology significantly contributed in enhancing the pace as well as efficiency of the communication procedure. E-mail has been considered to be a revolutionary innovation that enabled individual in sending messages via electronic medium anywhere in the world. Instant messaging is a type of online chat that helps in offsetting the real time text transmission with the aid of internet. Instant messaging facilitates transmission of short messages in both the directions (Flynn, 2004). Lately, instant messaging also provides the opportunity to share text files, audio files, videos etc. In todays dynamic business environment, instant messaging platforms are widely utilized in order to support effective communication (Stafford, 2008). E-mail, instant messaging and other new communication tools have been replacing the traditional mode of communication (Junco and Cotten, 2011). Now the major question that arises in this context is, whether the use of instant messaging will collapse the e-mail? This research study will focus on the analyzing the future of instant messaging and its cost. 2. Research Objectives Research objectives will focus on describing the major goals of the research study. The research objectives of this paper are discussed below: To scrutinize the efficiency of the instant messaging and its effectiveness among users. To assess the potential of instant message to replace mail To assess the role of instant messaging in context of internal communication. To estimate the cost associated with the adoption of instant messaging 3. Research Questions Research questions are focusing on identification of the major areas of research. Answering theses questions will facilitate achievement of research objectives (Ketchen and Bergh, 2004): What is the role of instant messaging for enhancing the internal communication? Whether instant messaging has the potential to replace e-mail? What is the cost associated for utilizing instant messaging? 4. Literature Review Emergence of Instant Messaging: Effective communication is an essential aspect of business. In the electronic age, the mode of communication has been evolving with the aim to enhance its effectives. Presently, human being has been found to be extensive reliant upon technology (Flynn, 2004). Hence, it has been found that since the last decade web technologies are the determinant factor for various human activities. E-mail has received significant popularity due to its convenience as well as effectiveness. Emergence of e-mal rapidly replaced the traditional mode of communication in the business sector along with personal life. Instant messaging was emerged in 1996 which allowed its client to facilitate an interactive real communication in real time. In order to use instant messaging, both the people must have the same instant messaging software (Junco and Cotten, 2011). This type of communication is referred as chat. Instant messaging has been found to be major help for the internet users for sending messages, images and videos. Presently, different instant messaging software is offering video calls and chats. The new communication tool has received significant popularity over the years. Apart from social interaction, instant messaging has been widely used in business communication which contributed in facilitating real time conversation from anywhere, anytime. Benefits of Instant Messaging in Workplace: Instant messaging has been integrating in the communication system of workplace due to its effectiveness. It is evident that various business organizations have identified the importance of integrating instant messaging into the business procedure along with appropriate policy (Pascal, 2003). Business firms have recognized that the instant messaging significantly helps in ensuring high return on investment if the right technology and policy is implemented. The success of the management of a business has a strong positive correlation with effective communication. Presently, instant messaging software platforms are widely utilized by various business organizations (Ou et al., 2010). As the business focuses on embracing instant messaging in the workplace, the traditional form of communication has been almost obsolete. Instant messaging is real time and also can be recorded. It can help in conduction a small conference at the own desk of the employees from different locations (Uskov and Uskov, 2004). This section will focus on identification of various advantages of instant messaging: Group chat: Instant messaging helps in initiating a formal or informal group chat. In an organization, group chat is important for enhancing cohesiveness and knowledge transmission (Krause, 2008). Interaction between team members from off-site locations: Instant messaging uses web technology for transmission of message in real time. Presently, the wave of globalization has facilitated the global business integration. It has been found that the team members are often located in a distant place. Hence, interaction between the team members becomes easier with the aid of instant messaging (Ou et al., 2010). Enhances Effectiveness and Saves Time: Instant messaging helps in providing a real time conversation. It significantly contributes in enhancing the effectiveness of communication. It is also evident that it saves time which adds positive value to the business (Pascal, 2003). Convenient and Cost Saving: Instant messaging service only requires internet connection which is available in every workplace. Hence, it can be stated that the instant messaging offers high level of convenience. Additionally, it helps in saving cost of communication (Stafford, 2008). These are the major benefits of instant messaging recognized by the business organizations (Quan-Haase, 2008). Security Issues Related to Instant Messaging: Though instant messaging has huge potential for enhancing the effectiveness of communication, it has few risks. These risks are majorly responsible for development of threats and thus it leads to creation of potential security risk (Cooper and Johnson, 2014). First of all, instant messaging uses public network and it utilizes the server of the instant messaging provider. These servers are not secured by firewall. On the other hand instant messaging in the private network can be secured by firewall (Leavitt, 2005). Additionally, it has been found that the sensitive information which is exchanged through instant messaging is frequently stored in the unsecured network. As the public network is protected with firewall, anyone can access the private conversation in IM (Paulson, 2002). In case of e-mails filters are used and the corporate network of various organizations installs antivirus software which protects the users form virus. The attachments sent via instant messaging cannot be checked for viruses. Hence, there is significant vulnerability associated with the instant messaging system. Lack of encryption on the public instant messaging network implies that the confidential messages send via instant messaging can be accessed by other people (Stone and Merrion, 2004). Additionally, communication via instant messaging system cannot be monitored for maintain the corporate security (Quan-Haase, 2008). 5. Research Methodology Research methodology refers to the pathway which is followed for underrating the research activities. The research methodology assists in depiction of the overall concept of the important elements associated with the research study (Jha, 2008). Basically, the research methodology helps in providing a comprehensive approach which ultimately develops a blueprint of the mechanism and steps for carrying out the research study in an efficient manner. Adoption of the most suitable approach will help in successful achievement of the research objectives. In order to assess the potential of instant messaging in replacing e-mail and its cost along with its role in the internal communication system, it is essential to adopt a suitable methodology that helps in answering the research questions (Ketchen and Bergh, 2004). 5.1. Research Philosophy: Post Positivism Research philosophy is the considered to be first layer of the conceptual replica, i.e. research onion. Hence, it can be stated that the other steps of the research study is significantly reliant upon the research philosophy. There are various research philosophy and theories which are adopted by academic researchers. Post positivism is one of the most important theories which reject the idea of positivism (Jha, 2008). Post positivism theory focuses on integration of the wide variety of theories with the observation (Johnson, Onwuegbuzie and Turner, 2007). In this paper, the study will focus on the potential of instant messaging in replacing the e-mail in future and its cost along with its role in the internal communication. Hence, post positivism theory will appropriate in this case. 5.2. Research Approach: Deductive Research approach is the next layer of the research philosophy. There are various research approaches considered by the researchers such as inductive and deductive approach. The researcher needs to choose the best approach in order to ensure successful achievement of the research objectives. It has been found that, in case of inductive approach, the researcher needs to collect all the relevant data and therefore, needs to assess the observations and findings of the research which can be also analyzed so that new theoretical framework can be developed along with recommendations (Ketchen and Bergh, 2004). Again, deductive approach emphasizes on analysis of the established theories and studies. In this approach, hypothesis is set and therefore tested to indentify whether the hypothesis is possible or not. In this paper, deductive approach will be appropriate for this study. Hence, hypothesis will be set for identifying whether instant messaging has the capacity to replace e-mail. 5.3. Research Design: Descriptive Research design is considered to be an important aspect of research methodology. It has been found that the research design significantly assists the researchers through establishment of the framework which helps in carrying out the study (Johnson, Onwuegbuzie and Turner, 2007). The research design focuses on correlating the direction of the study with the predefined research objectives. It is important to choose the most appropriate research design in order to ensure the achievement of the research objectives which is revolving around analysis of the future position of instant messaging. There are three common research approaches adopted by the researchers such as exploratory, explanatory and descriptive. For undertaking this study, it has been identified that descriptive research design will be appropriate. It will assist the researcher in maintaining the superiority of the study. Descriptive approach will focus on discussing the findings in relations to the potential of the instan t messaging in future. 5.4. Data Collection Process In order to carry out a research study successfully, relevant data must be collected from authentic sources. The data analysis and conclusion is extensively dependent upon the collected data. Hence, the researcher needs to be careful in selection of roper resources for collection. In this research study, both primary and secondary data will be collected. In this section, data collection procedure for both types of data will be discussed (Lodico, Spaulding and Voegtle, 2006). 5.4.1. Primary data collection In order to draw primary data survey and interview can be conducted. First of all, few organizations can be chosen and the users of the instant messaging can be asked to participate in the survey. For undertaking the survey a close ended questionnaire will be developed. It will significantly help to get an insight regarding the importance and potential of instant messaging in internal communication. Additionally, the senior managers of the respective organizations can be interviewed in order to understand their perspective regarding the instant messaging. The questions for the senior managers will be open ended. 5.4.2. Secondary data collection Secondary data refers to the information which has is available form the past studies, established theories etc. Hence, for collecting secondary data, the researcher can use books, peer reviewed journal articles, magazine articles, trusted websites and research papers or conference proceedings (Mayoh and Onwuegbuzie, 2013). 5.5. Sampling Techniques Sampling technique refers to the selection of the respondents for collecting data. In this paper, simple random sampling technique will be appropriate for this study (Lodico, Spaulding and Voegtle, 2006). Hence, there will no bias in selecting the senior managers for interview and employees of the organization for participating in the survey. 5.6. Sample Size Sample size refers to the number of respondents chosen for the study. It has been observed that simple random sampling technique has been adopted for this study. Hence, it is better to choose large number of maple for minimizing error. Hence, 65 employees using instant messaging will be surveyed (Gorard and Taylor, 2004). Additionally, 10 senior managers will be interviewed for collecting relevant data. 5.7. Data Analysis Data analysis refers to the activities which will focus on the scrutinizing the data and the help the researcher in reaching firm conclusion. Both qualitative and quantitative techniques will be used for analyzing the gathered data (Kothari, 2004). The information obtained from the interview will be analyzed by qualitative technique as the questions are open-ended. On the other hand, results obtained from the survey can be analyzed with quantities techniques such as estimation of mean, median, standard deviation and correlation co-efficient. Thus, the hypothesis will be tested to reach the final conclusion (Mayoh and Onwuegbuzie, 2013). 5.8. Ethical Consideration The information collected from primary research will be only used for academic purpose. The personal information of the respondent will not be disclosed and privacy will be maintained all through the research study. Additionally, the secondary data used in the study must be referenced properly (Moutinho and Huarng, 2008). 5.9. Limitations of the Research The major two limitations of the study is time and budget. The time is a major constraint which restricted various activities of the study. Additionally, budget was low and it did not support all the activities which could have enhanced the study (Kothari, 2004). 5.10. Gantt chart Gantt chart is considered to be a significant tool in order to anticipate the time taken for conduction each activity mentioned in the research methodology (Gorard and Taylor, 2004). One of the principal activities of research work is to plan and organize all the activities in an efficient manner. Gantt chart will significantly help in getting an insight to the time taken for each activity and the total time for completion of each action (Coleman and Briggs, 2002). (Source: Created by the Author) 6. Expected Research Outcomes This research proposal will focus on understanding the role of instant messaging in internal communication. It is expected that the findings of the research study will demonstrate appositive impact of instant messaging. However, this study may help in identification of the vulnerabilities of the instant messaging and compare the effectiveness and potential of e-mail and instant messaging. 7. Conclusion This research proposal will be help in providing an insight to the instant messaging and its effectiveness in present world. It has been found that this research proposal will clearly identify the potential of instant messaging and its benefits. This paper will clearly discuss the role of instant messaging in internal communication. Primary research will help in gaining insight regarding the major advantages of instant messaging in the business context along with its vulnerabilities. References Coleman, M. and Briggs, A. (2002).Research methods in educational leadership and management. London: P. Chapman Pub. Cooper, R. and Johnson, N. (2014). So close yet no agreement: The effects of threats to self-esteem when using instant messaging and audio during sellerbuyer negotiations.Decision Support Systems, 57, pp.115-126. Flynn, N. (2004).Instant messaging rules. New York: American Management Association. Gorard, S. and Taylor, C. (2004).Combining methods in educational and social research. Maidenhead: Open University Press. Jha, N. (2008).Research methodology. Chandigarh: Abhishek Publications. Johnson, R., Onwuegbuzie, A. and Turner, L. (2007). Toward a Definition of Mixed Methods Research.Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 1(2), pp.112-133. Junco, R. and Cotten, S. (2011). Perceived academic effects of instant messaging use.Computers Education, 56(2), pp.370-378. Ketchen, D. and Bergh, D. (2004).Research methodology in strategy and management. Amsterdam: Elsevier. Kothari, C. (2004).Research methodology. New Delhi: New Age International (P) Ltd. Krause, T. (2008). Facilitating Teamwork With Lean Six Sigma and Web-Based Technology.Business Communication Quarterly, 72(1), pp.84-90. Leavitt, N. (2005). Instant messaging: a new target for hackers.Computer, 38(7), pp.20-23. Lodico, M., Spaulding, D. and Voegtle, K. (2006).Methods in educational research. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. Mayoh, J. and Onwuegbuzie, A. (2013). Toward a Conceptualization of Mixed Methods Phenomenological Research.Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 9(1), pp.91-107. Moutinho, L. and Huarng, K. (2008).Advances in doctoral research in management. Singapore: World Scientific Pub. Co. Ou, C., Davison, R., Zhong, X. and Liang, Y. (2010). Empowering employees through instant messaging.Information Technology People, 23(2), pp.193-211. Pascal, C. (2003). Enabling chance interaction through instant messaging.IEEE Trans. Profess. Commun., 46(2), pp.138-141. Paulson, L. (2002). Malicious code hits instant messaging.Computer, 35(2), pp.26-26. Quan-Haase, A. (2008). Instant Messaging on Campus: Use and Integration in University Students' Everyday Communication.The Information Society, 24(2), pp.105-115. Stafford, T. (2008). Introduction to the Special Issue on Instant Messaging in the Workplace.IEEE Trans. Profess. Commun., 51(4), pp.350-351. Stephens, K. (2008). Optimizing Costs in Workplace Instant Messaging Use.IEEE Trans. Profess. Commun., 51(4), pp.369-380. Stone, J. and Merrion, S. (2004). Instant Messaging or Instant Headache?.Queue, 2(2), p.72. Uskov, V. and Uskov, A. (2004). Blending Streaming Multimedia and Communication Technology in Advanced Web-based Education. 1(1).

Digging Essays - Seamus Heaney, Death Of A Naturalist,

Digging The poem ?Digging,? is a free verse poem written by Seamus Heaney. It is the first poem in a collection of poems written by Heaney called the ?Death of a Naturalist,? first published in 1966. Heaney was born in 1939 and raised in Northern Ireland in a rural farming community. He was one of nine children and the son of a farmer. In his poem ?Digging,? Heaney is perhaps reflecting on his childhood as the son of a farmer and his admiration for his father and grandfather?s hard work. Through the use metaphor, symbolism and alliteration, Heaney illustrates and connects his childhood memories and roots of his family and culture with the importance and value of hard work. These memories and values are translated through his recollection of his father and grandfather?s hard work in potato farming into his own life?s work of writing. A metaphor is a comparison where a word or words are used to create an impression between two things which are similar. In the beginning of ?Digging,? the poet sees his father and grandfather digging. He has a sense of great pride in his father and grandfather?s hard work as they work the ground to plant potatoes. As he watches them work, he eventually realizes ?he has no spade to follow men like them? (line 29). He comes to realize that his work will not be in agriculture or farming like his father and grandfather, but that his ?digging? or work, metaphorically, will be with using a pen as a spade. Hence, writing is his work with his pen as his tool like farming was his father?s work and his tool was a spade. Furthermore, there is also an extended metaphorical relationship between his father?s digging with a spade and his work as a writer with a pen. This extended metaphor of his father is seen by the poet with his father digging in his garden and then twenty years earlier, digg ing potatoes, which is representative of the poet going back in time and recalling, as in ?digging? in one?s memories of the past. As the poet recalls his past, Heaney uses many symbols to convey a number of meanings. In the opening of ?Digging,? he compares his pen to a gun (line 2). The symbolic meaning of this is perhaps the idea that the pen is a mighty weapon or powerful tool capable of great work like his father?s and grandfather?s work with a spade (line 15, 17). His father?s work with a spade was powered by physical strength and the poet?s work, although not physically demanding, is powered by great mental work and equally admirable. Additionally, the earth, referring to the fertile soil, is used in several ways symbolically with the words ground, turf and roots to represent what the poet is tied to or rooted and grounded in, in relation to his father and grandfather?s way of life (line 4, 24, 27). Heaney conveys a sense of ?grounding? or close bonding, stability and respect with and for his father and grandfather as potato farmers. He and his family have their ?roots? in farming and the earth or fert ile soil, the very turf or ground which they till through their hard work, provide them with food which is essential to their survival. This food which is the potato, is symbolic of their hard work and is the reward for their labor (line 15). All these are symbols of the poet?s connection to his family, his origins or beginnings and the ?roots? of his family in farming. Finally, alliteration is the use of words with the same syllable and sound to accentuate or highlight a specific point. Heaney uses alliteration very effectively a number of times throughout the poem ?Digging.? ?Spade sinks into gravelly ground;? ?tall tops;? ?buried the bright;? ?squelch and slap of soggy;? and ?curt cuts? are all examples of Heaney?s use of alliteration to emphasize the hard work and energy required by his father and grandfather when tilling the ground which produced the ?fruits of their labor? (line 4, 12, 26, 27). The reader has a strong sense of what it is like to be in a field digging in the soil,

The Florida Expeditions of Ponce de Leon

The Florida Expeditions of Ponce de Leon Juan Ponce de Leà ³n was a Spanish conquistador and explorer, best remembered for settling the island of Puerto Rico and for directing the first major explorations of Florida. He made two trips to Florida: one in 1513 and the second in 1521. It was on this latter expedition that he was wounded by natives and died shortly thereafter. He is associated with the legend of the Fountain of Youth, although it is likely that he was not actively looking for it. Juan Ponce de Leà ³n Ponce was born in Spain around 1474 and arrived in the New World no later than 1502. He proved to be industrious and tough and soon earned the favor of King Ferdinand himself. He was originally a conquistador and assisted in the wars against the natives of Hispaniola in 1504. Later, he was given good land and proved to be an able farmer and rancher. Puerto Rico Ponce de Leon was given permission to explore and settle the island of San Juan Bautista, today known as Puerto Rico. He established a settlement and soon earned the respect of the settlers. He even had decent relations with the islands native population. Around 1512, however, he lost the island to Diego Columbus (son of Christopher) due to a legal ruling back in Spain. Ponce heard rumors of a rich land to the northwest: the natives said the land, Bimini, had much gold and wealth. Ponce, who still had many influential friends, secured permission to colonize any lands he found to the northwest of Puerto Rico. First Florida Voyage On March 13, 1513, Ponce set sail from Puerto Rico in search of Bimini. He had three ships and about 65 men. Sailing northwest, on April 2nd they spotted what they took for a large island: Ponce named it Florida because it was Easter season, referred to as Pascua Florida in Spanish. The sailors landed on Florida on April 3rd: the exact place is unknown but was likely to the north of present-day Daytona Beach. They sailed up the eastern coast of Florida before doubling back and exploring some of the western side. They saw a good deal of Floridas coast, including the Saint Lucie Inlet, Key Biscayne, Charlotte Harbor, Pine Island, and Miami Beach. They also discovered the Gulf Stream. Ponce de Leon in Spain After the first voyage, Ponce went to Spain to be sure, this time, that he and he alone had royal permission to explore and colonize Florida. He met with King Ferdinand himself, who not only confirmed Ponce’s rights in regards to Florida but also knighted him and gave him a coat of arms: Ponce was the first conquistador so honored. Ponce returned to the New World in 1516, but no sooner had he arrived than word of Ferdinand’s death reached him. Ponce returned to Spain once again to make sure his rights were in order: regent Cardinal Cisneros assured him that they were. Meanwhile, several men made unauthorized visits to Florida, mostly to take slaves or look for gold. Second Florida Voyage In early 1521, he rounded up men, supplies, and ships and prepared for a journey of exploration and colonization. He finally set sail on February 20, 1521. This journey was a complete disaster. Ponce and his men selected a site to settle somewhere in western Florida: the exact place is unknown and subject to much debate. They were not there long before they were attacked by furious natives (likely victims of slaving raids). The Spanish were driven back into the sea. Ponce himself was wounded by a poisoned arrow. The colonization effort was abandoned and Ponce was taken to Cuba where he died sometime in July of 1521. Many of Ponces men sailed down to the Gulf of Mexico, where they joined Hernan Cortes expedition of conquest against the Aztec Empire. His Legacy Ponce de Leà ³n was a trailblazer who opened the southeastern US to exploration by the Spanish. His well-publicized Florida voyages would eventually lead to a number of expeditions there, including the disastrous 1528 trip led by the unlucky Pnfilo de Narvaez. He is still remembered in Florida, where some things (including a small town) are named for him. Schoolchildren are taught of his early visits to Florida. Ponce de Leà ³ns Florida trips are probably better remembered because of the legend that he was seeking the Fountain of Youth. He probably wasnt: the very practical Ponce de Leon was looking more for a place to settle than any mythological fountains. Nevertheless, the legend has stuck, and Ponce and Florida will forever be associated with the Fountain of Youth. Source Fuson, Robert H. Juan Ponce de Leon and the Spanish Discovery of Puerto Rico and Florida. Blacksburg: McDonald and Woodward, 2000.

Arts and Human Spirit Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Arts and Human Spirit - Essay Example This essay contains many refernces to aboriginal Australian arts, it's connections with the human soul, dreams, the Dreaming world, that was the old time of the Ancestor Beings and everyday lifestyle. The colonization and the new multicultural policy of Australia, named in this essay affected the art and the culture of the aboriginals very much. This policy had a long history of discrimination, so that Aboriginal people were forced by the legal system to claim rights in order to be allowed to exercise their responsibilities. As stated in the essay, that policy affected their art and their culture and only through the indigenous art they could describe their culture from generation to generation. In this essay such interesting important parts were described and researched: the art and culture of the aboriginals: the background; the relation between the aboriginal art and culture of the Australians; the impact of European colonization; dreaming, that was the beginning of knowledge: how it relates arts and human spirit. This essay also demonstrates in details that many contemporary Indigenous artists make artworks which comment on the impact of European colonization and also the loss of country that has been so central to their 'being' and 'belonging'. In conclusion, the most important understanding of art is that the loss of culture is linked to loss of country and displacement from tribal lands of Australian aborigines, caused the aboriginal art to prosper and improve it's storytelling manner.

Community Policing Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Community Policing - Research Paper Example Within the broad field of public administration, there is a need for administrators to understand how to better function in the public sector. Where service-oriented work is the watchword, and no visible product is offered as a measure of successful productivity, it becomes incumbent upon the administrator to make a concerted effort to evaluate service and citizen impact on that service. This seems to be a good fit with the reinventing government concept of the 1990s where there was a greater emphasis on customer service by public administrators to treat the customer right (Bach, 2009). In the field of law enforcement, it is imperative that successful administrators make every effort to foster a cooperative liaison with the (customer) citizenry. Citizen cooperation will nourish the police-community alliance. Needs can be identified, and efforts to meet those needs can be addressed by citizens and police administrators alike. This attitude of cooperative appraisal of needs fits well i nto the model of community policing (Tilley, 2010). Community Policing Police roles that grew out of the reform era (patrol services, rapid response to calls, etc.) may sometimes lead to roadblocks. These more traditional police practices sometimes encounter a public paradox (Radelet & Carter, 1994). The paradox states that crime control functions collide with due process ideals, in that citizens recognize the need for a social contract (a need for police) that occasionally can run counter to the basic freedom that they seek. So, this conflict (or paradox) between the need for police and the desire for the protection of due process can remain between police and the public (Radelet & Carter, 1994). The winds of change are moving through the hallways of many police organizations in America. For some, these winds are like a summer breeze that opens the door to new possibilities. For others, they signal the onset of a cold, uncertain winter. Regardless of how one experiences it, somethi ng is happening, and this "something" is an attempt to rethink and restructure the role of police in society (Rosenbaum in Bordeur, 1998 p.1). Inability of existing police infrastructures to cope with greater than ever complexities of our fast changing society and increasing demands on police by their rapidly growing constituencies forces police organizations to look for new ways to serve their communities (Tilley, 2010). Increased bureaucratization and over- specialization of police forces and separation from the community amplifies the need for implementing a community-driven police force. Police organizations face increased costs and pressure from the community and interest groups to do more with fewer resources. As a consequence, police administrators are forced to cut some services in order to address priority needs (Tilley, 2010). Reduction and elimination of police services due to budget cuts and increasing operational costs creates community discontent. A new cost efficient approach to prevent and deal with crime is needed in order to cover eliminated services. Community Oriented policing is recognized as a viable solution to reducing crime and efficiently solving community problems (Chacko & Nancoo, 1993). Murphy labels proactive policing as the dominant ideology and organization mode of progressive policing (Murphy, in Chacko & Nancoo, 1993, p. 1). Community policing philosophy and research suggests traditional bureaucratic, crime-attack policing has failed. The police have lost their community context and this loss inhibits the police in their order maintenance and crime control functions (Tilley, 2010). Critics of traditional policing argue, police are mystifying their role and manipulating public expectation. Reactive policing "promotes poor policing management, leading to the issuance of more traffic tickets, the growth of an unofficial quota system, and 'fudging' of crime statistics" (Thibault, Lynch, & McBride 1985, p. 50).

Compare and contrast Jade Snow Wong and Richard Rodriguez as learners Essay

Compare and contrast Jade Snow Wong and Richard Rodriguez as learners and users of two languages(chinese vs spanish) - Essay Example There are different ways that Jade Snow Wong and Richard Rodriguez have learned different languages (Chinese and Spanish) in shaping their relationships and world view. This is manifested in their books Fifth Chinese Daughter by Jade Snow Wong and Hunger of Memory-Aria by Richard Rodriguez (Gudykunst). It is essential to observe that both writers grew up in foreign lands from their original nations. For example, Richard Rodriquez narrates his experiences in Sacramento, California, in family that only spoke Spanish. During this period of growing up, the young Rodriguez experiences several setbacks caused by language because he had a Mexican history that is different from that of his new place (Gudykunst 66). The author notes that he attends a Catholic school in Sacramento that speaks only English thus causing a language barrier for his young life. In other words, the writer implies that he got inculcated into a culture that was different from one he had witnessed in his childhood. On the other hand, Jade Snow Wong speaking in the third person aspect in her book The Fifth Chinese Daughter observes that she came from a conservative family in San Francisco. The author notes that their first generation family was poor with a lot of discrimination upon girls being a part of the culture. In that aspect, there are tales of domination of the female by the male in the family of Jade Snow Wong that is an indication of stigma against in society. Therefore, the author observes that because of such prejudices against, it was hard for girls such as her to acquire education (Gudykunst 69). This means there was no means of learning a language of overcoming the culture barrier. However, the author narrates her resilience to overcome insurmountable odds of by proving her abilities and talents in various fields. The above two authors are similar in the aspect of growing up under a foreign language that did not resemble that of their childhoods. Similarly, both of them made determi nations of learning the new languages by overcoming the barriers of family and culture shock as noted in their respective books. However, there differences in terms of gender and the superseding advantages that followed for the writers. For instance, while Richard Rodriguez found it a little easy in Sacramento, California during his learning period, that was not the case for Jade Snow. She laments that her family treated females as inferior hence there no need to challenge authority if you were a girl. In other words, the writer attempts to highlight the challenges of learning a new language under the yoke of a conservative culture that treats women with contempt. Therefore, while Rodriguez only faces the challenge of distorted childhood in a new place, Jade Snow grapples with gender inequality that is ingrained their first family that started living in San Francisco before the eruption of World War Two. Alternatively, there is the issue of the cultural divide that is prevalent in t he lives of the two authors in terms of forcing their varying cultural inclinations to those of other nations (Gudykunst 74). Another interesting distinctive feature concerning how the authors learned their two languages and their growth in English entails the sound of the foreign language. For example, according Rodriguez in Hunger of Memory-Aria, the author concurs that the application of varying languages in terms of sounds is paramount in shaping

Changing roles of men and women in Australia

Changing roles of men and women in Australia Right, role, freedom for women and changing role between men and women was questioned in today society. Especially in Australia a very multicultural nation where one in four of its 22 million people were born overseas, have a parent who was and four million speak a language other than English. This essay will point out shifting roles of men and women by examining womens rights in different aspects of that multicultural society such as Health, Work, Politics, Popular culture, Home family and Education. Let go back to the 1930s. At that time, the men worked and earned money. The fathers were usually far away from their children. Whereas, the women just stayed at home and took care of home and children. It was generally accepted that womens roles were as Kindergartener and home-keeper. In the other words their destiny were getting married, having Childs and dedicating their lives to the requests of their husbands and children. This was part of the culture that men and women understood their places in society and accepted it. Furthermore, it was believed that if women work after the marriage, they were slack in their responsibility to their husbands and children. It also could be seen as being lax their obligation to the nation. This is because at those days evolving the number of the nations population was one of the most important problems. Therefore, people believed that settling the countrys population was womens duty. For these reasons just unmarried women often had good jobs. A working married woman was considered to be taking a mans job, however they were paid less than men. In addition to, Marriage and divorce laws favored men in terms of custody of children and rights to property. All of those were these sorts of inequalities. In the Second World War shortages of labour caused by so many men joining the armed forces opened the door for many more women to work. That was the beginning of change. Many women took up jobs that had previouslydominated by males such as Politics, military affairs, scientific research. Moreover standards of living changed. Technology has developed and it was reforming peoples lifestyles and domestic roles were altered by the invention of washing machines, vacuum cleaners and electricity. For many women this helped to save a lot of time in housework. Therefore since they have more great opportunities to study and contribute for society and following their interest. Many women have now reached higher situations within politics, the occupations and even business in Australia. Further more the introduction of the contraceptive tablet allowed people to more easily plan their families and decide to space their children. That brought a decrease in the number of children in each family. It also allowed married women to pursue careers without the worry of pregnancy interfering with their plans. In addition, much laws has been put in place that purpose to make equal opportunities for women in the workspace, such as good pay, childcare, anti-discrimination and rules against sexual harassment. For example during the 1980s women took leading roles in the nations affairs. In 1981 Senator Janine Haines became the first woman leader of a major political party-the Australia democrats. In 1986 Justice marry Gaudron was the first women to become a judge of the High court and 1989 Rosemary Follett became the first female chief minister of the ACT (Bereson 2001, p.3). And recently Julia was first sworn as the 27th Prime Minister of Australia on 24 June 2010. She was not born in Australia but she is a migrant. This event does not only mean but also confirms the great role of women in Australian society. As a results Australia has become one of the first nations in the world giving women the rights to vote and to be seated in parliament. From that the women in Australia now achieved higher positions within politics. It is no longer considered that these opportunities are not available to women. Indeed Besides politics, women also more successful in many different fields such as art and culture, sports, even in business. For example Louise Sauvage won a gold medal in Sydney Olympic Games 2000 (Costain 2003, P.4). Robin Archer-a woman of many talented she is a singer, writer and a director. She was artistic Director at Melbourne festival art in 2003 (Costain 2003, P.12). Even very traditional organizations such as religion, churches have changed their attitudes towards women, for example the Anglican Church in the mid-1980s in Melbourne accepted women to be ordained as ministers. Today in secondary schools and universities more women than men educated, and more women than men advanced in bachelor degrees in university. In 2006, women make up for 54.8 per cent of all tertiary education students and 47.5 per cent of all students enrolled in training courses and vocational education. The common were joined in society and culture, management and commerce, hospitality, food indust ries, and personal services courses. Also there are more than 30 per cent of small business operators in Australia are women. Women hold 57 per cent the Australian public service workforce and 36 per cent of senior executive situations. (Women-towards equality) The changing roles of women and greater participation in all levels of society, has led to the role of men to change. Men are now expected to be part of a household management team. In the other word they are ready to share domestic work with their wife. That never ever happened in 1930s. This has caused anxiety in men with traditional backgrounds. They are not sure of their roles any more. However In fact, women are still in a tougher situation than men when it approaches to vocations and work in general. Child care can be difficult to secure and is often too costly. For example if a child is ill it is usually the mother who will be likely to take their time off work to take care them. The greater responsibilities of teaching children, which are still considered womens responsibilities, mean that it is so tough for women to get full-time work especially in jobs requiring overtime. Because of this, instead of full time women usually have to do casual jobs or part-time. Most of these works are not career-orientated positions, so it is not realizable for women to reach higher positions in their work. Furthermore womens attendance is especially strong throughout common culture. Womens image in film clips, movies, magazines, television shows, newspapers and even news programmers is often as a sexualized decoration. There for Women have often been discriminated against, esp ecially on sexual harassment, even at work. Ultimately, any change also has two sides. Although the position of women in Australia society has been confirmed, it also means their responsibility is heavier. Especially in some fields that require physical strengths, superior skills and health. These things women are inferior to men. However all string of success mentioned above helped to break down traditional ideas about what women could or could not do. It made women more visible in public society and enabled them to lead lives that were much nearer to mens lives in standings of liberty and selection.

F. Scott Fitzgeralds The Great Gatsby :: essays research papers

Then wear the gold hat, if that will move her; If you can bounce high, bounce for her too, Till she cry Lover, gold-hatted, high-bouncing lover, I must have you! Thomas Parke D'Invilliers Jay Gatsby went through most of his life striving for a new beginning, a chance to start over and succeed. He forced that aspect of life, into his own, by changing his identity. He was James Gatz a man who's unknown soul was left to linger in the past. Now he is Jay Gatsby. Gatsby does not realize that life can be difficult. You can not just move on and pretend that the past never happened. If you do not face the real and original you, you will never find success or happiness in the way you wish to live your present life. All through Gatsby's life he looked to the green light on the dock across the bay for hope and reassurance. He needed to know that his dream was still as bright as it was the day he met Daisy. Gatsby lived for an American dream. The truth was that Jay Gatsby of West Egg, Long Island, sprang from his Platonic conception of himself. He was a son of God - a phrase which, if it means anything, means just that. (Pg.104) Gatsby created himself to be his own hero, through the eyes of a seventeen year old boy. He began to wear that gold hat and rise in society with money, friends, and a love life he dreamed of returning. You see I usually find myself among strangers because I drift here and there trying to forget the sad thing that happened to me. (Pg.71-72) Gatsby smothered himself in popularity to try and block out the memory of the man he was before his change. He has been grieving for a love that he lost when drafted to the war. His only hope left is a green light across the bay which seems to shine through the unhappiness in Gatsby's life. Daisy, as pure and sweet as the flower itself, is the only thing left that is needed for him to complete his dream. He wanted nothing less of Daisy than that she should go to Tom and say, I never loved you. (Pg.116) We know that Gatsby is asking for to much of Daisy, he knows it too. Can't repeat the past?

Synthesis of Cis-Norbornene-5, 6-Endo-Dicarboxylic Anhydride

IntroductionThe Diels-Alder reaction is a [4+2] cycloaddition of a conjugated diene and a dienophile. This type of reaction was named for Otto Diels and Kurt Alder who were the first to investigate this reaction (Weldegirma, 2012). The Diels- Alder reaction is one of the most important reactions in all of organic chemistry because of the applicability of it. This reaction can form new carbon-carbon bonds and new stereocenters.The Diels-Alder reaction has high synthetic utility for making unsaturated 6-membered rings (Kahn, 2011). The more electron-withdrawing elements there are in the reactants, the faster the reaction will move forward. In the case of cyclopentadiene and maleic anhydride, the reaction takes place quite quickly due to the many electronegative oxygen present in both reactants.Mechanism:Side Reaction: Experimental:Table of Chemicals: CyclopentadieneMaleic AnhydrideEthyl AcetateHexane66.10 g/mol 98.06 g/mol 88.11 g/mol 86.18 g/mol MP: -90 º C BP: 39-43 º C MP: 52.8à ‚ º C BP: 202 º C MP: -83.6 º C BP: 77.1 º C MP: -96–94 º C BP: 68-69 º C Cyclopenta-1,3-diene Furan-2,5-diene Ethyl Acetate HexaneResults:The crystals obtained through the Diels-Alder reaction were not plate-like, as were expected. We obtained crystals that were a small and more powdery than plate-like. Even though our crystals did not turn out as we had hoped, the melting point range for our crystals was very close to the literature value.The calculations for the percent yield are as follows: First, the moles of the reactants must be calculated:Through these calculations we can see that the cyclopentadiene is the limiting reagent is the cyclopentadiene because the reaction between cyclopentadiene and maleic anhydride is a 1:1 reaction. Thus, the maximum amount of moles of cis-Norbornene-5, 6-endo-dicarboxylic anhydride we can produce is:Now that the theoretical yield has been calculated, we can compare the experimental yield with the theoretical yield:DiscussionTh e literature value for the melting point of cis-Norbornene-5,  6-endo-dicarboxylic anhydride is 165 º C. The experimental value we obtained through the Diels- Alder reaction was 160- 163 º C. We were only able to produce a yield of 20.2%. A yield this low was not expected, but was enough to measure the melting point to see if we had indeed produced cis-Norbornene-5, 6-endo-dicarboxylic anhydride.As cyclopentadiene is left out over a period of a few days, the molecules slowly dimerize and thus become dicyclopentadiene. Dicyclopentadiene would not result in the desired product, cis-Norbornene-5, 6-endo-dicarboxylic anhydride, so this must be remedied. In order to un- dimerize dicyclopentadiene, it must be heated to just under its boiling point to make fresh cyclopentadiene. With our melting point being so close to the literature value for cis-Norbornene-5, 6-endo-dicarboxylic anhydride, it is very likely that the desired product was obtained.This reaction does not seem to be ver y efficient at all. By using 0.2mL of cyclopentadiene, we only were able to produce about 0.05g which, at a 20.2% yield, is very low.Conclusion:The Diels- Alder reaction is one of the most important types of reactions in organic chemistry (Weldegirma, 2012).This reaction is so important because of its ability to form new carbon-carbon bonds.Diels- Alder reactions are used constantly in the medical field due to its diverse uses. It has been in studies of ribozymes and creating ribozymes synthetically (Jaschke, 2000).I believe that we did accomplish what we set out to do in this lab. We were able to form cis-Norbornene-5, 6-endo-dicarboxylic anhydride crystals and were able to achieve a very pure product.

buy custom Kurt Vonnegut essay

buy custom Kurt Vonnegut essay World War II repercussions made Kurt Vonnegut, Jr. write about the people who were forced out of their homes due to war, but living in their countries, who are commonly referred as Displaced Persons (D.Ps). With special attention on displaced children in Germany, Vonnegut crates and epic moving story of all times on DPs. On the outskirts of a small town in an abandoned hanger, the events of his story are based where the hanger is changed to an orphanage for displaced boys. Vonnegut expresses and emphasizes on the plight experienced by displaced persons especially the children during and after the World War II in his short story of D.Ps. To achieve his goal he introduces a young American black boy living in the orphanage which is run by nuns. The locals mock the boy and discriminate him because of his race. The writer shows the struggle of the boy, Joe, searching for his identity because he feels not human among the Germans. Later in the story a sign of hope is seen by Joe after witne ssing the arrival of American soldiers who look like him. Vonnegut starts his story by showing race discrimination and stereotyping. This is seen when the nuns take the children out. A carpenter sees the children from far and says, look at that French girl, look at those flashing eyes referring to Joe. This statement shows race stereotyping since the old carpenter thinks only the French have such flashing eyes. To his surprise he finds out that the flashing eyes belong to an African-American. Consequently, the carpenter makes a racial discriminatory statement by calling him Joe. Later on we find the carpenter saying sarcastically, look-look who is coming now when he sees Joe coming to the village. It is imperative to note that the boy was named Joe by the carpenter after and old black man who was a former heavy weight champion (the only blck person known by the Germans in that town). In the orphanage we find another boy, named Peter, who is trusted by Joe. Nevertheless, this boys intentions to Joe are evil since he lies to him on his identity considering Joe knowing his identity was his biggest desire. Peter makes up stories on Joes identity, for instance, he is quoted telling Joe that his mother had left him in the orphanage and went away perhaps because of his skin color. Joe gets a mixture of feelings since he is annoyed, confused, hurt, and relieved to have known the truth from Peter. Joe undergoes a psychological trauma inside the orphanage because of Peters stories. Therefore, displaced people get stress even in the camps they run to after they are displaced from their homes. Some people have compassion to the D.Ps which is also seen in the case of Joe. The Nun in-charge of the orphanage sympathizes with Joe confused situation on his identity. When Joe asks her of his origin, she escapes the question by diverting him to other things. The approach taken by the nun is not appropriate since Joe is left more confused since he thinks that the nun hides something about him. The nun should have told Joe the truth that he is a black American rather than toiling around with his feelings. Therefore, as sympathizers of displaced persons we should take responsibility and tell them the truth so that they can heal faster from the heart break caused by the situation. The psychological disturbance and suffering of this boy are vividly seen when he sets his eyes to a black American. On that instance, he calls the nun and in delight yells, father running toward the group of the black American soldiers. Eventually the nun reaches to him, and he does not make it to the soldiers thus embarrass himself and get more heart break. This is an extrremely pitiful sight of a desperate boy searching for his parents and on seeing the first black man calls him father. Joe must have suffered a lot from the thought of his parents as well as the other displaced children. One afternoon Joe escapes from the orphanage and visits the soldiers where he is welcomed warmly, and he feels good for the first time in a long time since he is not made fun by them as the Germans used to do. Because of the excitement, Joe wishes to leave the orphanage and go with the solders, but it is not that easy. This makes him terribly disappointed because he had thought that he had found his people who would take him home, but now they decide to leave him with the Germans who always mock him. This breaks the boys heart further, but he hopes that they will come back another time for him. This boy lives in a delusion of seeing the soldiers again which might affect him in the future if he finds out that the black soldier he saw was not his papa as he refers to him and he will never see him again. Nevertheless, he is happy to have seen his papa and speaks of him proudly to other children. This is a true picture of the emotional suffering endured by displaced children in orphanage s since they always hope to see their parents and their people whom mostly they never get a chance to see. It is clear that Vonnegut successfully shows the suffering of a young boy though discrimination and being ridiculed, who is in search of his identity which he never truly finds. However, the boy knows that he is not the only one whose skin is colored. It should come to our consensus that racial discrimination should not be tolerated at any level, and special care is a need by the displaced persons especially the children. Therefore, we should take it as our own personal initiative and change the situation as much as we can. Buy custom Kurt Vonnegut essay

Doing Business in Japan

Doing Business in Japan FACTS STATISTICSHistoryDuring the 1500's, Japan was divided and at war with itself. Three leaders came along, the first being Oda Nobunaga, who is known for being merciless. He showed no mercy to his adversaries and, through this ruthless approach, helped end the wars and created a foundation for peace. Vying for control and assuming leadership after Nobunaga was Toyotomi Hideyoshi, who was known for his intelligence. He built social structure and earned respect as a true leader. Gaining control after Hideyoshi was Tokugawa Iyeyasu. He had waited almost four decades for his turn as Shogun and, through patience and perseverance, the rewards finally came.(Meyer)For the next 200 years, Japan endured a period of isolation from foreign influence. After the 1854 Treaty of Kanagawa with the US, Japan opened its ports, beginning a period of industrialization and modernization. In the late 1800's and early 1900's, Japan became a regional military power, defeating the forces of both China and Russia.Figure 3Japan then occupied the smaller surrounding countries of Korea and Taiwan. Upon its occupation of Manchuria in 1931, Japan proceeded to launch a full scale invasion of China. Following its defeat in World War II, Japan recovered to become an economic power and ally of the US.GovernmentJapan's form of government is parliamentarian democracy under the rule of a constitutional monarch. The Prime Minister is the chief government officer although Japan's emperor continues to retain his throne as a symbol of national unity. However, the true governing power resides in its legislature, also known as the National Diet. The legislature consists of the House of Representatives and House of Councilors. The House of Representatives is responsible for passing bills and is considered the more powerful of the two branches. There are 480...

Personal Leadership Development Project Paper Essay

Personal Leadership Development Project Paper - Essay Example The training period, all the trainees are conduct seminar, study classes etc, for developing the quality of employees. It is a good training. Verizon wireless, my role is to design the job, job analysis, human resource planning, recruitment, selection, hiring, induction, evaluation of performance, compensation management, training and development, welfare administration, employee movements, health and safety administration, grievance handling, discipline etc. The H R training in offices getting lot of experience, these experience are helps to manage the colloquies in the organization, also helps to identify the minds and behaviour of sub-ordinates. In my carrier planned some strategies. First one is to keeping 99% attitude for work and personal matter. Attitude is 99 percent, every person’s carrier is successful, for the reason I am keeping attitude for one year for the marketing training period, and our attitude is loose at one time for losing our carrier. Another strategy is to don’t cheating others. As a manager, in my view, to achieving the goal of the organization, to motivate and trained to the subordinates to achieve the higher volume of business. Which subordinates are performing better, to give additional bonus, gifts etc,. The main role of HR manager is to functioning the effective utilization of human resource in an organization. The overall goal of the organization is to building strong brands, expanding the bus iness, and getting marketing leadership. The main goal of organization is to create a new business in new areas. The top of the organization focusing expanding the networks across the countries. The training is conducting in the branch office; communicate the sub-ordinates for the entire process of organization and the organizational goals. The aim and objectives of the company is to achieve the market leader in wireless network. It is a very good feedback from my sub-ordinates or trainees, because,

Research Problem Statement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Research Problem Statement - Essay Example Dennis & Meola (2009) give an example of UK firms, which lose approximately 19 million dollars daily due to bad management. This is moderately attributable to the firm’s wastage of time due to their leader’s inefficiency. It is evident that the significant bits of organization include its management to great extents. For a business to address the needs of its employees, leaders, and consumers, it needs proper management. Therefore, it becomes extremely problematic for organizations to realize acceptable profits when they have such poor management. Most entities fail because their managers focus on increasing their sales and quality of their goods. Indeed such categories of headship do not care about the general organization of their institutions, hence increasing management problems. This makes them forget their roles in control and organizing, as well as the workers’ roles. The goals of many businesses entail increasing the outputs and lowering the expenses. A b alance of these two ideas of increment in output and expense reduction obviously qualifies for perfect management. Conversely, these are short-term benefits because the businesses success depends on the long-term benefits, which entail motivating the personnel, but most administrators ignore this. The motivation of employees helps in the creation of a functional business environment (Dennis & Meola, 2009). Evidently, this functional business is devoid of poor management and all the negativities associated with such leadership. The sub problems evident from the question above include Poor leadership Poor communication Poor organizational structure Organizational culture Decision-making Policies Possible Sub-problems Poor Leadership Hypothesis Leaders with good leadership skills will motivate the employees. If organizational leaders involve the workers in the management of the business, the business will perform highly Brief Description Effective management entails good leadership and proper communication. Poor leadership tendencies are the most noticeable management problems in businesses. According to Dennis & Meola (2009), some leaders in organizations are incompetent making organizations fail to realizing their goals because of their inability to foresee the business challenges (Dennis & Meola, 2009). Additionally, they fail to challenge the employees making the workers perform poorly. Poor leaders are usually inexperienced and cannot handle conflicts in an organization. As such, the inability to control conflicts by the leaders in a firm is a sign of poor management. In Poor Decision Making Hypothesis Proper decision making in an organization will increase the corporate efficiency Brief Description Another sub-problem, which is common in the corporate institutions, is the phenomenon of decision-making. Evidently, decision-making affects the operation of organizations to exemplary levels. When there is poor management running any organization, it is obvious that the consequent decisions will be inappropriate. An organization only achieves its goals and other ultimatums if the management makes proper decisions. It then becomes a chief problem when these decisions present challenges to the behavior of the human resources. Certain decisions, which the management of the organization makes, affect the organization because of the mentioned relationship. Therefore, an organization has trouble when relevant decision making departments fail to